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''Judge'' was a weekly satirical magazine published in the United States from 1881 to 1947. It was launched by artists who had seceded from its rival ''Puck''. The founders included cartoonist James Albert Wales, dime novels publisher Frank Tousey and author George H. Jessop. The first printing of ''Judge'' was on October 29, 1881, during the Long Depression. It was 16 pages long and printed on quarto paper. While it did well initially, it soon had trouble competing with ''Puck''. William J. Arkell purchased the magazine in the middle 1880s. Arkell used his considerable wealth to persuade Eugene Zimmerman and Bernard Gillam to leave Puck. A supporter of the Republican Party, Arkell persuaded his cartoonists to attack the Democratic administration of Grover Cleveland. With G.O.P. aid, ''Judge'' boomed during the '80s and '90s, surpassing its rival publication in content and circulation. By the early 1890s, the circulation of the magazine reached 50,000. Under the editorial leadership of Isaac Gregory, 1886–1901, ''Judge'' allied with the Republican Party and supported the candidacy of William McKinley largely through the cartoons of leading cartoonist Grant E. Hamilton. Circulation for ''Judge'' was about 85,000 in the 1890s. By the 1900s, the magazine had become successful, reaching a circulation of 100,000 by 1912. Edward Anthony was an editor in the early 1920s. Anthony was later co-author of Frank Buck's first two books, ''Bring 'em Back Alive'' and ''Wild Cargo''. Harold Ross was an editor of ''Judge'' between April 5 and August 2, 1924. He used the experience on the magazine to start his own in 1925, ''The New Yorker''.〔Yagoda, Ben (2000). ''About Town: The New Yorker and the World It Made''. Scribner. pp. 34–35. ISBN 0-684-81605-9.〕 The success of ''The New Yorker'', as well as the depression, put pressure on the magazine. It became a monthly in 1932 and ceased circulation in 1947. ''Judge'' was resurrected in October 1953 as a 32-page weekly. David N. Laux was President and Publisher with Mabel Search as editorial director and Al Catalano as art director. Contributors included Arthur L. Lippman and Victor Lasky. There were sections with light essays on sport, golf, horse racing, radio, theater, television, bridge and current books, along with submissions from college magazines, a crossword puzzle, single-panel cartoons and humorous pieces. There were several political sections; one-liners, cartoons and longer essays with mostly a conservative bent, in a style foreshadowing Emmett Tyrrell of today's ''The American Spectator''. A collection of ''Judge'' and Puck cartoons dating from 1887-1900 is maintained by the Special Collections Reference Center of The George Washington University. The collection is located in GW's Estelle and Melvin Gelman Library and is open to researchers.〔(Guide to the Samuel Halperin Puck and Judge Cartoon Collection ), Special Collections Research Center, Estelle and Melvin Gelman Library, The George Washington University〕 ==Gallery== File:"I'll paint the town red", political cartoon, 1885.jpg|"To begin with, 'I'll paint the town red", by Grant E. Hamilton, ''The Judge'' vol. 7, 31 January 1885. File:Cross of gold speech cartoon.jpg|An 1896 cartoon, on William Jennings Bryan's "Cross of Gold" speech File:Judge 06-10-1899.jpg|An 1899 cover of ''Judge'' magazine showing a cartoon of U.S. President William McKinley File:judge-Roosevelt.jpg|A 1906 cover of ''Judge'' magazine showing a cartoon of Theodore Roosevelt by Eugene Zimmerman File:Judgeoctober1953.jpg|''First Reborn Judge'', October 26, 1953, cover by David Wasserman 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Judge (magazine)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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